Vocabulary and structure(10 points , 1 point for each)

从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

1.       when we want to tell other people what we think ,we can do it ____with the help of words, but also in many other ways.

A. either       B. or       C. not only       D. as

2.       for centuries it ____ the Americas from being discovered by the people of Europe.

A. separate      B. kept       C. distinguish       D. got

3.       ____ to say , the second list can be remembered more easily than the first one.

A. need     B. needless       C. carefulness       D. doubtful

4.       they think in getting their materials, and also in _____ them , and in plastering them together with mud.

A. arranging     B. arrange     C. being arranging     D.

arrange

5.       the message itself is usually short, of ten no more than a slogan which the public identifies _____ the product.

A. with        B. at      C. on       D. in  

6.       but the dictionary doesn’t tell you which meaning is_____.

 

A. intending    B. intended     C. intend     D. having intended

7.       they concern the common things of life, and the stock ___trade of all who speak the language.

A. in     B. at     C. on       D. with  

8.       furthermore, regardless _____ which explanation we choose, the end result will be the same: the other train will arrive at the station first.

A. about     B. for      C. with       D. of

9.       they may result ____ reading, from laboratory experiments, or simply from thinking.

A. from      B. in       C. at       D. with

10.   I am in favor of his proposal that a special committee_____ to examine the problem.

A. set up    B. was set up    C. be set up    D. is setting up

二． Close  test(10 points ,1 point for each)

I take the firm position that parents do not owe their children  a __11__education . if they can__12__ it, they  can certainly send them to the best universities. But they must not feel guilty if they cannot. If the children really want to go, they will find a way. There are plenty of loans and scholarships for the bright and eager ones who cannot afford to pay.

When children grow up and want to __13__ , their parents do not owe them a down payment  on a house. They do not have the __14__ to baby –sit their grandchildren. If they want to do it, it must be considered a __15__ not an obligation.

Do parents owe their children anything? Yes, they owe them a great deal.

One of their obligations is to give their children personal  __16__. A child who is constantly made to feel stupid  and unworthy, constantly compared to bright brothers, sisters, or cousins will become so unsure, so afraid of failing that he (or she) won’t try at all of course they should be properly corrected when they do wrong, but it’s often better to let children learn their mistakes by themselves in time. All our parents should do is to trust them, respect them, tolerate them and give them chances to try and fail. They must learn to stand__17__. When criticisms are really needed , they should be balanced with praises, with a smile and a kiss. That is the way children learn.

Parents owe their children a set of solid values around which to build their lives. This means teaching them to __18__ the rights and opinions of others ;it means being respectful to elders, to teachers, and to the law. The best way to teach such values is by deed.

A child who is lied to will lie. A child who sees no laughter and no love in the home will have __19__ laughing and love.

No child asks to be__20__. If you bring a life into the world, you owe the child something.

11.  A. college     B. formal     C. usual    D. forgive

12. A. find    B. get     C. afford      D. receive

13.A. get married    B. get a job     C. go abroad    D. live alone

14, A. time    B. right    C. duty     D. energy

15. A. favor   B. pleasure    C. habit      D. service

16. A. worth  B. affair    C. belief       D. service

17. A.  failure    B. honor     C. progress     D. test

18. A. consider  B. refuse     C. respect       D. know

19. A.  pleasure B.  difficulty   C. fun     D. freedom

20. A.  praised   B. alone      C. born       D. poor

三Reading comprehension(30points, 2points for each)

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following  passage.

passage one

for an increasing number of students  at American university. Old is suddenly in. The reason is obvious: the graying of America means jobs. Coupled with the aging of the baby-born generation, a longer life span means that the nation’s elderly population is bound to expand significantly over the next 50 years. By 2050, 25percent of all Americans will be older than 65, up from 14 percent in 1995. the change poses profound questions for government and society, of course .but it also creates career opportunities in medicine and health professions, and in law and business as well.” in addition to the doctors, we’re going to need more sociologists, biologists, urban planners and specialized lawyers,” says professor ed ward Schneider of the university of southern  california’s  school of gerontology(老年学).

Lawyers can specialize in “elder law,” which covers everything from trusts and estates to nursing-home abuse and age discrimination . businessmen see huge opportunities in the elder market because the baby boomers, 74 million strong, are likely to be the wealthiest group of retirees in human history. “any student who combines  an expert knowledge in gerontology with, say, an MBA or law degree will have a license to print money ,” one professor says.

Margarite santos is a 21-year –old senior at USC. She began college as a biology  major but found she was “really bored with bacteria.” So she took a class in gerontology and discovered that she liked it. She says,” I did volunteer work in retirement homes and it was very satisfying.”

21.”… old is suddenly in”(line 1,para.1) most probably means “_______”.

A.      America has suddenly become a nation of old people

B.       Gerontology has suddenly become popular

C.      More elderly professors are found on American campuses

D.      American colleges have realized the need of enrolling older students

22. with the aging of America , lawyers can benefit_____ .

A.      from the adoption of the “elder law”

B.       from rendering special services to the elderly

C.      by enriching their professional knowledge

D.      by winning the trust of the elderly to promote their own interests.

23. why can businessmen make money in the emerging elder  market?

A.       retirees are more generous in spending money.

B.       They can employ more gerontologists.

C.       The elderly posses an enormous purchasing power.

D.      There are more elderly people working than before

24. who can make big money in the new century according to the passage?

A.       retirees who are business –minded.

B.       The volunteer workers in retirement homes.

C.       College graduates with an MBA or law degree.

D.      Professionals with a good knowledge of gerontology.

25. it can be seen from the passage that the expansion that the expansion of America’s  elderly population______.

A.      will provide good job opportunities in many areas

B.       will impose an unbearable burden on society

C.      may lead to nursing home abuse and age discrimination

D.      will create new fields of study in universities

 

passage two

 

    Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following  passage.

James Cleveland  Owens was the son of a farmer and the grandson of black slaves .His family moved to Cleveland  when he was 9. There , a school teacher asked the youth his name. “j.c.”, he replied.

  She thought he had said “Jesse”, and he had a new name. Owens ran his first race at age 13. After high school ,he went to Ohio State University .He had to work part time so as to pay for his education. As a second-year-student, In the Big Ten games in 1935,he set even more records than he would in the Olympic Games a year later.

 A week before the Big Ten meet, Owens  accidentally fell down a flight of stairs . His back hurt so much that he could not exercise  all week, and he had to be helped in and out of the car that drove him to the meet . He refused to listen to the suggestions that he give up and said he would try, event by event . He did try, and the results are in the record book.

The stage was set for  Owens’victory  at the Olympic Games in Berlin the n ext year , and his success  would come to be regarded as not only athletic (体育的) but also political . Hilter  did not congratulate any of the African-American winners.

“It was all right with me ,”he said years later. “I didn’t go to Berlin to shake hands with  him ,anyway.”

Having return from Berlin ,he received no telephone call from the president of his own country, either . In fact ,he was not honored by the United States until 1976, four years before his death.

Owens’Olympic victories made little difference to him . He eared his living by looking after a school  playground ,and accepted money to race against cars, trucks,  motorcycles, and dogs.

“Sure ,it bothered me ,”he said later .  “But at least it was an honest living. I had to eat .”

In time ,however his gold medals  changed his life .”They have kept me alive over the years ,”he once said. “time has stood still for me . That golden moment dies hard.

 

26. Owens got his other name “Jesse “ when ____.

a.       he went to Ohio State University

b.       his teacher made fun of him

c.       his teacher took “J. C.” for “Jesse “

d.       he won gold medals in the Big Ten meet

27.In the Big Ten meet , Owens _____.

A.       hurt himself in the back

B.       Succeeded in setting many records

C.       try every sports event but failed

D.      had to give up some events

28. We can infer from the text that Owens was treated unfairly in the U.S. at that time  because _____.

A.       he was not of the right race

B.       he was the son of a poor farmer

C.       he didn’t shake hands with Hilter

D.      he didn’t talk to the U.S.  president  on the phone.

29. When Owens says “They have kept me alive over the years,” he means that the medals _____

A.       have been changed for money to help him live on

B.       have made him famous in the U.S.

C.       have encouraged him to overcome difficulties in life

D.      have kept him busy with all kinds of jobs

30. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A.      Jesse Owens ,a Great American Athlete

B.        Golden Moment—a Life-time  Struggle

C.      Making a Living as a Sportsman

D.      How to Be a Successful Athlete

In the 1920s demand for American farm products fell, as European countries began to recover from world war1 and instituted austerity programs to reduce their imports . the result was a sharp drop in farm prices. This period was more disastrous for farmers than earlier times had been ,because farms were no longer self-sufficient. They were paying for machinery ,seed, and fertilizer ,and they were also buying consumer goods. The prices of the items farmers bought remained constant , while prices they received  for their products fell.  These developments were made worse by the Great depression, which began in 1929 and extended throughout the 1939s.

In 1929, under president Herbert hoover, the federal farm board was organized . it established the principle of direct interference with supply and demand, and it represented the first national commitment to provide greater economic stability  for farmers. President hoover’s successor attached even more importance to this broplem. One of the first measures proposed by president Franklin D. Roosevelt when he took office in 1933 was the Agricultural adjustment act, which was subsequently passes by congress. This law gave the secretary of Agriculture the power to reduce production through voluntary agreements with farms who were paid to take their land out of use. A deliberate scarcity of farm products was planned in an effort to raise prices. This law was declared unconstitutional by the supreme court on the grounds that general taxes were being collected  to pay one special group of people . however new laws were passed immediately that achieved the same result of  resting soil and providing  flood-control measures, but which were based  on the principle of soil conservation. The Roosevelt administration believed that rebuilding the nation’s soil conservation. The Roosevelt  administration  believed that rebuilding the nation’s soil was in the national interest and was not simply a plan to help farms  at the expense of other citizens. Tater the government guaranteed loans to farmers so that they could buy farm machinery , hybrid grain, and fertilizers.

31. what brought about the decline in the demand for American farm products?_____

A.      the impact of the great depression

B.       the shrinking of overseas markets.

C.      The destruction caused by the first world war.

D.      The increased exports of European countries.

32. the chief concern of the American government in the 1920s was_____ .

A.      to increase farm production

B.       to establish agricultural laws

C.      to prevent farmers from going bankrupt

D.      to promote the mechanization of agriculture

33. the agricutural adjustment act encouraged American farmers to ______ . 

A.       reduce their scale of production

B.       make full use of their land

C.       adjust the prices of their farm products

D.      be self –sufficient  in agricultural production

34. the supreme court rejected the agricultural adjustment act because it believed that the act______ .

A.       might cause greater scarcity of farm products

B.       didn’t give the secretary of agriculture enough power

C.       would benefit neither the government nor the farmers

D.      benefited one group of citizens at the expense of others

35. it was claimed that the new laws passed during the Roosevelt administration were aimed at______.

A.       reducing the cost of farming

B.       conserving soil in the long –term interest of the nation

C.       lowering the burden of faemers

D.      helping farmers without shifting the burden onto other taxpayers

 

四. word spelling(10 points,1 point for two words)

36.明确说明，具体指定          v.            s________

37.在前地，早先地                  adv.        P_______

38. 影响                                    v.             I_______

39. 优先，优先权                     n.            p_______

40.特殊的                                  adj.         P_______

41.数字                                      n.            f________

42. 有效地，有成效地              adv.        E_______

43.容许的，允许的                   adj.         P_______

44. 有意义地，重要地              adv.        S_______

45.空暇时间                               n.             I_______

46.装饰                                       v.             d_______

47.分配                                       v.             a_______

48.补偿                                       n.             c_______

49.意味                                       v.             s_______

50. 追求，追捕                           n.            p_______

51. 相对的                                   adj.         R_______

52. 惊人的，神话式的               adj.         F______

53.国际的，世界的                    adj.          I_______

54.个别的，独特的                    adj.          I_______

55. 反应，反动                           n.             r_______

五Word form(10 points ,1 point for each)

56. a generation or two ago, the traditional family, in whiah the father was boss, was________(custom).

57. this is natural enough because advertising is _______(design) for just that purpose.

58. the _______(exist) of electricity in the air has been known for centuries.

59. their mother is busy_______(get)ready for work, so they may even have to make their own breakfast.

60. the terms “popular” and “learned,” as ______ (apply) to words, are not absolute definitions.

61. once his curiosity has been _______(arouse), he uses certain methods and procedures to obtain new knowledge and great understanding.

62. holding money as a store of value thus can reduce the ______(transact) costs involved in every day business.

63. the body needs fat to keep it from the cold and to provided a ______(protect) layer for the organs, but only in small quantities.

64. at the forefront of the pioneers in the field was the greek mathematician and philosopher Claudius ptolemaeus(AD90~168), more _______(popular) known to history as Ptolemy.

65. many people are _______(concern) about animals and wildlife conservation.

六． C-E translation(15points,3point for each)

66．谁应对这次行动负全部责任？（take…responsibility for）

67．毫无疑问，人们越来越重视身体健康。（there is no doubt that）

68. 这些天他常遭受头痛的捆扰。（suffer from）

69. 我们的结论基于全部可获得的知识，而不是基于猜测和想象。（rather than）

70.  直到半夜才发现孩子们并不在他们的卧室里。（not until）

七． E-C translation(15points)

The really important thing about ptolemy’s was that north was at the top. The reason for this was that he decided to orientate the map in the direction of the pole star since polaris was the immovable guiding light in which the voyagers of that era placed their trust.

North at the top remained the accepted arrangement until the early middle ages, when the church begain to interfere seriously with the avance of science. In accordance with the orders of the church, maps were still produced in accordance with ptolemy’s principles---but now Jerusalem was the central feature, as it was held to be the center of the chritian faith, and east was moved to the top.